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Thyroid hormones (TH) are believed to participate in adaptation of the heart to dietary caloric restriction (CR). The effect of CR on cardiac thyroid hormone receptors α and β (TRα and TR β) has been hitherto insufficiently investigated, however, and with respect to the impact of CR on cardiac type 2 and 3 deiodinases (D2 and D3), we have not found any literature data. The aim of this study was to...
Total 208 day-old female broilers were fed on isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing seeds of sweet narrow-leafed (L. angustifolius cv. Bojar – NL) or sweet yellow (L. luteus cv. Parys – YL) lupin at the level of 0 (control, C), 10% (days 1–14), and 15% or 25% (days 15–35 of life). The diets were fed unsupplemented or supplemented with mannanase. At the end of second week of life, the birds...
This review briefly summarizes the results of recent studies investigating the effects of different dietary sodium (Na) levels on gastrointestinal function, excreta moisture content, incidence of footpad dermatitis (FPD), tibia mineralization, and growth performance in turkeys. Research shows that an increase in the sodium content of turkey diets from 0.07% to approximately 0.22% led to minor changes...
The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of dietary fat on the organic selenium requirement of rainbow trout. There were two variables in this study. The first was organic selenium that was supplemented at 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 mg · kg–1. The second variable was the fat inclusion level as low-fat (15%) and high-fat (30%) diets. This led to formulation of six experimental diets according...
The experiment was performed to determine whether genetically modified maize (MON 810) and soyabean meal (Roundup Ready, MON 40-3-2) used as the main source of feed in a concentrate can affect the performance parameters, basal chemical composition of the musculus thoracis (MT), fatty-acid composition of intramuscular fat, and transfer of transgenic DNA (tDNA) to calf tissues, as well as affect the...
This study compared five non-linear growth functions (Gompertz, logistic, Lopez, Richards and Weibull) using body weight (BW) measurements from a commercial strain (Ross 308) and Iranian native chickens. Seventy two commercial broilers and seventy two native chickens were randomly assigned to four treatments. Each treatment consisted of six replicates of three chickens. The chickens were fed with...
A 35-d experiment involving 150 crossbred pigs weaned at 26 ± 2 d of age was conducted to evaluate the effect of different forms of CuSO4 on the copper content of liver, plasma and faeces. Piglets were randomly allocated to five dietary groups with increasing supplementation of protected and unprotected Cu in the diet as follows: 0 ppm (CON), 75 ppm Cu unprotected (Cu 75UNP), 75 ppm protected (Cu...
In comparison with concentrate-fed animals, grass-fed cattle provides meat with a higher level of desired polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids and compounds with antioxidative effects, e.g., α-tocopherol and β-carotene. This should be reflected in a positive influence on fat metabolism and antioxidative status of the consumer’s organism. There are no studies, however, where the effect of beef obtained...
A four-generation study with at least 60 laying hens (LSL) and 10 cockerels (LSL) was carried out to investigate the influence of genetically modified maize (Bt 176) on animal health and feed intake, laying performance, feed efficiency, and hatchability of chickens and to compare GM-maize with its near isogenic counterpart. The chickens were divided into two groups (one pen/group) of at least 30 hens...
The objective of the study was to compare five lactation curve models, Ali and Schaeffer, Guo, Wilmink, and third- and fourth-order normalized Legendre polynomials, for their ability to reliably predict 305-d lactation yields from test-day records. The analysis covered 27 589 422 test-day yields from 3 350 638 first three lactations of 1 621 796 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows. All of the functions...
Genetic evaluation of the growth of bulls at a performance test station was performed using a single-trait model (STAM) and multi-trait models that included pre-weaning growth. The growth of the bulls was represented by the average daily gain in the test (ADGT). Pre-weaning growth was expressed as average daily gains from birth to 120 days of age (ADG120) and from 120 to 210 days of age (ADG210)....
The purpose of this study was to find early indicators of cow fertility. Genetic correlations of two types of conformation evaluations, routine and modified, with reproduction traits were estimated. Data consisted of type evaluations and fertility measures of primiparous Holstein-Friesian cows born from 2005 to 2006. The number of records ranged between 4731 and 8041 depending on the trait. Type traits...
Experiments were conducted to study the effect of benzoic acid and of essential oil blends in combination with protease on the growth performance of broiler chickens. In the first trial, the birds were divided into three dietary treatments. The control group was fed a basal diet, while the other two groups were given benzoic acid at 300 and 1000 mg · kg–1, respectively. Growth performance was not...
A simple HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of sulphadimidine, sulphadiazine, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim antibiotics in medicated feeds has been developed, validated, and applied to commercial feed premixes. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used for the recovery of the studied antibiotics without the need for a further clean-up step. The sulphonamides and trimethoprim were separated...
The bioavailability of incorporated Se from bacteria and protozoa collected from rumen of sheep was investigated using female Wistar rats to simulate the lower digestive tract of a ruminant. The rats were fed diets supplemented with different sources of Se, namely: control – without Se, ISe – with selenite, PSe – with protozoan Se, BSe – with bacterial Se. After a 7-day feeding trial, blood samples...
The nutritional value of four cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius L. seeds was investigated. The experiment was conducted on 50 male 16-day-old Ross 308 chickens. The birds were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (10 replications each). Digestibility was calculated using the difference method. The basal diet and four diets composed of ground lupin seeds (cv. Sonet, Boruta, Graf or Neptun)...
Hypothalamic peptide kisspeptin (kp) plays a major role in the initiation of pubertal events in mammals through the activation of gonadotrophin- -releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The present study was designed to analyse the morpho-functional role of kisspeptin cells in the multimodal effects on GnRH secretion in female prepubertal lambs. The localization of kp immunoreactive (ir) expression was...
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of breed Coloured Mountain Sheep (CMS), or Podhale Zackel (PZ) and month of the grazing season (May or August) on the chemical composition of milk and ‘oscypek’ cheese. The composition of milk was affected by breed and month of the grazing season. Total solids and most other parameters were higher in August than in May. Milk from CMS was characterized...
The joint effects of energy restriction and age on adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis, liver signalling and liver thyroid hormone metabolism were examined. Adrenal type 1 11β-hydroxylase expression was chosen as a marker of adrenal steroidogenesis, liver 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and glucocorticoid receptor proteins as measures of glucocorticoid signalling, and liver type 1 and 3 deiodinase...
A selective and sensitive method based on derivatization with 2-thiobarbituric acid and ultra-fast liquid chromatographic separation is described for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) in chicken liver, muscles and adipose tissue, and in lard and fish oil. Preparation of samples involves acid hydrolysis and derivatization. Separation is achieved using an Accucore C18-column (2.6 μm, Hydro-RP,...
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